Female body surface anatomy - Posterior (English)

The bony landmarks seen from the posterior surface include the landmarks of the bones of the trunk (parts of the scapula, spinal process of vertebra C7 and iliac crest), olecranon of ulna located in the upper limb, and bony structures of the lower limb that include the lateral malleolus of fibula, medial malleolus of tibia and calcaneus. The soft tissue landmarks of the upper part of the body include the trapezius and triceps brachii muscles, while the inferior part includes the hamstring and triceps surae muscles. In addition, there are two creases that demarcate the gluteal region including the intergluteal cleft (groove between the buttocks) and gluteal sulcus (formed by the inferior aspect of the buttocks and the posterior upper thigh).