Neurovasculature of the hip and thigh (posterior view) (Latin)

Arterial supply to the lower limb starts in the pelvis with the a. iliaca communis. This quickly splits into two divisions, the a. iliaca externa and the a. iliaca interna. The a. iliaca interna provides branches to the regiones pelvica et glutea, as seen here with the aa. gluteae superior/inferior, while the a. iliaca externa continues to descend into the thigh as the a. femoralis. The hip itself is supplied by a periarticular anastomosis, formed by branches of the a. femoralis (a. circumflexa medialis/lateralis femoris), and branches of the a. iliaca interna (a. obturatoria, a. glutea superior and a. glutea inferior). The posterior thigh is supplied by branches of the a. femoralis, specifically by a. perforantes femoris which branch from the a. profunda femoris. Innervation to the posterior hip and thigh is supplied either by direct branches of the plexus sacralis (such as the n. cutaneus posterior femoris and the n. gluteus) or by muscular branches of the n. ischiadicus, which arise before its bifurcation into the n. fibularis communis and n. tibialis. The n. ischiadicus does not provide any cutaneous innervation to the posterior thigh, instead this is provided solely by the nn. cutanei femoris: the n. cutaneus posterior femoris (plexus sacralis) as well as the rr. cutanei anteriores nervi femoralis and n. cutaneus lateralis femoris (plexus lumbalis).